2018年成人高考专升本英语真题及答案

2018 年成人高考专升本英语真题及答案 第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ卷卷(选择题，共 125 分) I. Phonetics(5 points） Directions: In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked a, b, and d.compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1.A.captain B.sustain C.contain D.retain 2.A.pension B. mission C.tension D.revision 3.A.actress B.business C.excess D.endless 4.A.combination B.climbing C.bamboo D.ambition 5.A.blew B.crew C.sew D.Jew II. Vocabulary and Structure( 15 points) Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 6. asked two passers-by how to get to the new railway station, but of them knew it. A.none B.either C.neither D.both 7. —The boss wants to talk to you. He seems unhappy with your performance. —Oh,I be in trouble. I hope he won't fire me. A.must B.can C.should D. would 8. my daughter reaches the age of eighteen she can apply for driving license. A.Unless B.Because C.Since D.Once 9. I'll consider Ms. Smith tonight, but I am not sure if I have the time. A.to see B.seeing C.to have seen D.see 10. The train to arrive at 11: 30, but it was an hour late. A.was supposed B.is supposed C.supposes D.supposed 11. Bob doesn't look his age. I think he's somewhere . A. in forty B. in forties C. in his forty D. in his forties 12. I feel very excited the thought of joining my family in a week. A.on B.for C.at D.in 13. a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. A. Finding B.Having found C.We finding D.We found 14. Despite the sudden breakdown of the General Manager, work is going on in the company. A. usual B. routine C. normal D. regular 15. At such a time of crisis, we must try to all differences and stick together. A. set apart B. set back C. set aside D. set down 16. Many governments are now taking to reduce smoking in public places. A.steps B.sides C.effect D.change 17. The employees more enthusiastic about their work since their pay rose. A.are B. have been C. were D. will be 18. Children don't understand initially what they are reciting, but it will have an impact on their thinking. A.casually B.especially C.regularly D.gradually 19. The university regulations require that the students at least 90% of the lectures. A.attended B.to attend C.would attend D.attend 20. In October 2007, the Chang'e-1 satellite was successfully at Xichang. A.launched B. presented C.regulated D. engaged Ⅲ. Cloze(30 points) Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. The destruction of habitats(栖息地) all over the world is the primary reason species are becoming extinct(灭绝) or endangered. Houses， highways，dams， industrial buildings， and ever-spreading- farms now dominate 21 formerly occupied by forests， deserts， and wetlands. 22 the beginning of European settlement in America， 23 over 65，000，000 acres of wetlands have been drained. One million acres alone vanished 24 1985 and 1995. habitat destruction can be 25 or it can be subtle occurring over a 26 period of time without being noticed. 27 such as sewage from cities and chemical runoff from farms, can change the 28 and quantity of water in streams and rivers. To 29 living in a delicately balanced habitat, this disturbance can be as 30 as the clear-cutting of a rainforest. 31 remaining habitats are carved into smaller and smaller pockets or islands, remaining species are forced to exist in these 32 areas, which causes further habitat 33. These species become less adaptable to environmental 34 in fact, they become 35 endangered Scientists believe that when a habitat is cut by 90%, one-half of its plants, animals and insects will become extinct. 21.A.landscapes B. cities C.maps D. pictures 22.A.At B. Before C.After D.Since 23.A.for example B.in addition C.at last D.after all 24.A.both B.in C.between D.before 25.A.simple B.beneficial C. interesting D. obvious 26.A.long B.short C.happy D. sad 27.A.Construction B.Pollution C.Farming D.Living 28.A.amount B.purity C.nature D.quality 29.A.people B.species C.plants D.insects 30.A.effective B.small C. fatal D.surprising 31.A.How B. Whether C. Before D. As 32.A.crowded B.extensive C.large D. bare 33.A.reform B.destruction C.support D.discovery 34.A.improvements B.changes C.protection D.development 35.A.even B.far C.more D.less IV. Reading Comprehension( 60 points) Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage One Woman nabbed for a DUI at same crash spot Wed May 21, 2:17 AM ET TRUCKEE， Calif.Call it drunken driving deja vu(记忆幻觉). For the second time in five months， a 23-year-old California woman has been arrested after she crashed her car while driving under the influence(DUI)at the exact same spot north of Lake Tahoe. And to top it off, Truckee Police say that in both cases, her blood alcohol content was more than three times the legal limit. The police say Melissa Dennison of Truckee crashed at about noon on Sunday on Glenshire Drive just south of the Glenshire Bridge. They say she was extremely drunk and had trouble standing or walking.Her blood alcohol level initially was measured at 346. The legal limit.08. Sergeant J. Litchie said Dennison also had been charged with a DUI in January when she crashed at the same spot and registered a blood alcohol level of 380. If found guilty of the second offense, she faces up to 10 years in prison and fines in excess of 2.000. A telephone message the Associated Press left at a listing for Dennison in Truckee on Tuesday was not immediately returned. 36. Who is the author of the passage? A. A passenger. B. A policeman. C. A judge. D. A journalist. 37. Why couldn't the woman stand and walk? A. She had lost too much blood. B. She was scared. C. She drank too much. D. She had a sudden stomachache. 38. Why could the woman be imprisoned for 10 years? A. She was caught DUI twice. B. She had her car crashed. C. She refused to take a blood test. D. She drove without driving license.s 39. What does the word"nabbed"in the title mean? A. Arrested. B. Attacked. C. Charged. D. Punished. Passage Two There were many different cultures in the ancient world, but the two that had the most influence on European and American civilizations were the Greek and the Roman. Often these two cultures are lumped together in our minds, as if they were really exactly alike. But that is not the case. In many ways the Greeks and the Romans could not have been more different. The Greeks were truly democratic, often without a single leader but instead governed by a group of men chosen by the people. The Romans were semi-democratic. They had a governing Senate, but the political power was mostly or completely in the hands of a single emperor. Both cultures were great builders. But the construction interests of the two cultures were also different. The Greeks tended to be more artistic. Their buildings were well constructed and they were especially interested in temples, columns, and decorative forms. The Romans, on the other hand, were more engineers than artists. They concentrated their efforts on urban planning, well-functioning water pipes, and the best roads. Only in cooking and eating habits are the two cultures really similar. Both peoples ate very well indeed: lots of fish, fresh vegetables and fruits, healthy meals, holding at the same time long discussions and tasting excellent wines. In fact, it would probably be fair to say that they both loved life in their warm,sea-oriented climates and they both lived a full life. 40. What is the first paragraph about? A. The Greek and the Roman were similar. B. People misunderstood European civilization. C. Greek civilization was quite different from Roman civilization. D. European civilization influenced American civilization greatly. 41. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The Romans had more political awareness. B. The Romans had less political freedom and democracy. C. The Romans had more freedom to choose their leader. D. The Romans had fewer people elected into the government. 42. What were the Greeks famous for? A. The overall planning of a city or a town. B. The artistic decoration of the buildings. C. The practical functions of the buildings.a D. The system of water supply and transportation. 43. How are the two cultures alike? A. Both loved the sea. B. Both lived long lives. C. Both loved cooking D. Both enjoyed talking over meals. Passage Three As recently as three decades ago, many Americans believed that using credit was an unwise and dangerous way to pay for what they bought. Some even thought that owing money to a store or a credit company was something to be ashamed of. Good citizens, they believed, always bought what they wanted with real money and they paid the full price immediately. Today, however, all that has changed. Credit, as some observers have noted, has become a way of life in the United States. More and more Americans now are depending on those small pieces of plastic, credit cards, to pay for large purchases such as televisions, record players or furniture. Many people today would consider it unusual not to use a credit card to pay for a costly restaurant dinner, a hotel room or an airline trip. And there are some situations in which Americans must have credit cards. If they want the temporary use of a car, for example, they first must give the car rental company the number of their credit card. That number is considered a guarantee that they will return the car and pay Credit cards offer two major services to Americans. First of all, they are easier and safer to carry than large amounts of money. Second, they permit people to borrow, to have the immediate pleasure of owning something, even if they do not have enough money to pay for it at the time. With credit cards people pay for goods or services at the end of each month instead of when they buy them. And when the time does come to pay, most credit cards offer people a choice. They can pay all of what they owe for the month or they can just pay usually between 5 and 10 percent of what they owe. 44. What do Americans feel about using credit cards nowadays according to the passage? A. They consider it valuable. B. They regard it as a shame. C. They think it dangerous. D. They find it quite convenient. 45. Why does the car rental company ask for the credit card number? A. To prevent the overuse of the car. B. To make sure that the car won't be damaged.