实例讲解托福写作避免使用初期词汇

实例讲解托福写作避免使用初期词汇 1.Original: We know that sometimes success is measured by how much money you earn. Revised: It does not surprise us to discover that sometimes success is measured in terms of the money you earn. 专家点评：know 是非常初级的词汇，作文中出现 I believe that…，I know that… 这 样 的 表 达 只 能 体 现 考 生 写 作 技 巧 的 稚 嫩 ， 用 It does not surprise us to discover that…替换 We know that…并没有改变原句的含义， 却使全句顿时增添了亮点。 2.Original: We all know that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply. Revised: It goes without saying that most factories would be of no use if there were not clean water supply. 托福写作专家点评：同上例一样，know 这样的初级词汇应避免在作文 中使用，It goes without saying that…是一个固定结构，意思是“……是不言 而喻的”，常在作文中用来引经据典或表明一个尽人皆知的道理，类似的表达 还有： An old saying goes that… Proverb goes that… It is universally acknowledged that… It is generally accepted that… 3.Original: Some other people think that people should read extensively. Revised: Another position says that people should read extensively. 专家点评：同 know 一样，think 也应该尽量避免使用，修改后的句子中 是用 Another position says that… 代替 think 提出另一种观点，也可以用 hold a point of view，hold the opinion 这样的短语替换。 4.Original: The unexpected win of the match give us confidence. Revised: The unexpected win of the match boost our confidence. 专家点评：give 也属于英语中最初级、最基本的词汇，也是中国学生最 喜欢在托福独立写作中应用的词。这个词只表示“给，给予”这个动作，不涉 及动作的性质和状态，若表示增添信心，增强士气，比较地道的说法是用 boost confidence/morale，如：The change of management has boosted morale throughout the company. 管理模式的改变使整个公司上下士气倍受 鼓舞。 5.Original: The use of drugs has increased greatly in the last ten years. Revised: The use of drugs has increased significantly in the last ten years. 专家点评：greatly 是一般用语，表示程度高，“很，非常”，使用相当普 遍而没有新意，在托福独立写作中应尽量避免使用这些通俗而又陈旧的词汇 ， 应换用一些更加正式，更有说服力的词语，例如 significantly 表示达到了非 常重要的或可观的程度，“重大的，可观的”，能够具体说明药品使用方面， 增长幅度巨大。significantly 还可以替换成 considerably，tremendously 等， 同样具有不错的表达效果。 总之，在文章使用些有新意的用词来替代那些通俗的词汇，也是让托福 作文获得高分的一种途径。但是，前提是要对这些用词有了充分的理解，冒 然使用一些冷僻词汇，不但文不对意，更是达不到预期效果。 托福写作衔接词汇总 托福作文采用不同的句子开头是使句子多样化的手段之一。不同的句子 开头既可以美化句子，同时也能使句子与句子之间自然过度，衔接自然，也 可以在托福写作中赢得高分。 1. 用副词开头，常见的情形有： (1) 副词修饰全句 Luckily, he didn't know my phone number;otherwise, he would bother me. Incredibly, Helena got straight A in her schoolreport this semester. Interestingly, cats and dogs can hardly get along well in a house. 修饰全句常用的副词有： obviously undoubtedly apparently fortunately clearly unfortunately incredibly luckily unluckily surprisingly frighteningly 这些副词大多数表示说话人对全句的看法，在意思上相等与 “It is ... 形 容词 that ...” 。 e.g: Obviously, he is nervous about the test. =It is obvious that he is nervous about the test. Unfortunately, he tripped over and fell in the mud. =It is unfortunate that he tripped overand fell in the mud. (2) 强调副词 Hurriedly, the man drew me a scratch map to show me the direction. Dangerously, the drunkard sped down the street. Slowly and gently, snowflakes were drifting down from the sky. (3) 副词表示某一地域或某一领域 Geographically, Canada is the biggest country in the world. Financially, she is independent, but emotionally she is dependent. 2. 用插入语开头，表示说话人的态度，或使句子的意思更加准确： Strangely enough, Jennifer does not enjoy sunshine and beach. Generally speaking, winter in Vancouver is gloomy. 类似的插入语有： no wonder no doubt in other words in my opinion in conclusion in fact as a matter of fact 3. 用形容词、并列形容词或形容词短语开头，修饰句子的主语，表示主 语的特征或状态： Frantic, the young mother rushed out the door with the baby in her arms. Tasty and crisp, potato chip are a favorite snack for both children and adults. Happy at his good marks at school, the little boy skipped on his way home. Desperate and hopeless, the poor man committed suicide. 4. 用分词、分词短语开头： (1) 修饰句子主语，表示主语所处的状态或主语同时进行的另一个较谓 语动词次要的动作： Scared, the girl moved timidly and cautiously into the dark room.( 状 态) Chased by my dear pet cat, the mouse dashed into a small hole.( 状态 ) Spoiled by his parents, the naughty boy always insists on things he wants.( 状态) Puffing and hugging, he finished his run.( 另一动作) Looking at herself in the mirror, she fingered her silk scarf on her shoulder.( 另一动作) (2) 修饰谓语动词，表示原因、时间等 Lying down on the couch, he felt much relaxed.( 时间) Feeling bored, she turned on the TV and switched from channel to channel.( 原因) Wanting to find out the business hour, she called the store.( 原因) Having completed the form, he mailed it out immediately.( 时间)