2020暑假必备宝典之高一英语知识点总结Unit3-4

2020 暑假必备宝典之高一英语知识点总结 Unit3-4 高一英语知识点总结 Unit3-4 ☆重点句型☆ 1. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, ... you may want to try hiking. Instead 和 instead 0f 的用法 2. Say "Hi" / "Hello" / "Thanks" to sb. (for me) 问候的句型 3. Is anybody seeing you off? 进行时表将来 4. She struggled and struggled, and could not get on her feet. (= keep struggling) 5. You should not go rafting unless you know... unless 引导条件状语从句，相当于 if... not 6. By staying at..., tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the fiver and the birds. 目的状语从句 7. She was so surprised that she couldn't move. 结果状语从句 8. Tree after tree went down, cut down by water. 过去分词作状语 9. The next moment, the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden. 现在分 词作状语 10. However, before she could think twice, the water was upon her. It didn't take long before the building was destroyed. ☆重点词汇☆ 1. means n. 方法；途径 2. experience n. 经验 3. equipment n. 设备 4. successful adj. 成功的 5. protect v. 保护 6. handle v. 处理 7. consider v. 考虑 8. benefit n. 利益 9. particular adj. 特别的 10. effect n. 效果 11. combine v. 合并 12. unforgettable adj. 不会忘记的 13. advance v. 前进 14. seize v. 抓住 15. struggle v. 奋斗 16. fear v. & n. 害怕 17. strike v. 敲打 18. destroy v. 毁掉 19. publish v. 出版 20. naughty adj. 调皮的 ☆重点短语☆ 1. get away from 逃离 2. watch / look out 注意，当心 before 的用法 3. go for a hike / go hiking 去徒步旅游 4. as with 正如……一样 5. see off 为某人送行 6. on the other hand 在另一方面 7. take care of 照顾 8. get close / near to 接近，凑近 9. tree after tree 一棵又一棵的树 10. as wall as 也，和……一样(好) 11. protect…from 保护……不受……的伤害 12. be surprised at 因……而吃惊 13. be caught / trapped / struck in 被……困住 14. take place 发生 15. go through 通过，经过；经历(痛苦的事) 16. be upon 临近，逼近 17. hold on to 紧紧抓住 18. refer to 提到，说到；查询(信息) 19. look into 注视……的内部；检查，调查 20. for fear of (doing) sth. 惟恐…… ☆短语闯关☆ 下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填入一个正确的词， 每个词 4 分，80 分才能过关，你一定能过关．做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧? l. get ____ from 逃离 away 2. watch ____ 注意，当心 out 3. protect sb / sth ____ 保护／保卫某人(某事物) from 4. see sb ____ 到火车站、飞机场等某处为某人送行 off 5. on the other ____ 另一方面 hand 6. as ____ as 也，还，而且 well 7. ____ place 发生，产生 take 8. ____ fire 失火 on 9. pull sb ____ 把……往上拽 up 10. get ____ one's feet 站立起来；站起身来 on 11. go ____ 通过，经受。仔细检查 through 12. ____ holiday 在度假 on 13. travel ____ 旅行社代理人 agent 14. be ____ 逼近，临近 upon 15. ____ exercise 进行体育锻炼 take 16. ____ "Hi" to sb for / from sb 代某人向某人问候 say 17. come ____ with 提出 up 18. go ____ a hike 去远足 for 19. be caught ____ 受困于……，陷于…… in 20. ____ a second 马上，一会儿 in 21. look ____ 往……里面看，调查 into 22. refer ____ 提到．涉及；参考 to 23. hold ____ 抓住，握住 onto 24. sweep ____ 冲走，刮走 away 25. sweep ____ 冲倒，吹倒 down ☆交际用语☆ 1. Where would you prefer going...? 2. How would you like to go to...? 3. Have a nice / pleasant trip ! 4. Well, I must be off. 5. It's all right． 6. I'm afraid. 7. Come on ! 8. It scares me. 9. Don't worry. 10. First..., next..., then..., finally... ☆单词聚焦☆ 1. advance 的用法 ▲构词：advanced adj. 高等的．先进的，高深的 ▲搭配： ① in advance 在前头，预先，事先 ② in advance of 在……前面；比……进步；超过 ③ on the advance (物价)在上涨 【考例】It is said that Miss White had some difficulty in studying the ____ maths. A. improved B. developed C. advanced D. increased [考查目标] 本题考查形容词 advanced 与近义词的区别。 [答案与解析]C “高等数学”的英译是的英译是 advanced maths，advanced 意思是“先进的。高 级的”的英译是。 2. before 的特殊用法 (1) He had run out of the room before I could stop him.我还没来得及拦住他，他就 跑出了屋子。 (2) Three weeks went by before We knew it. 三周过去了，我们才意识到。(或：时 间不知不觉已过三周了。) (3) It wasn't / didn't take long before he returned.他没过多久就回来了。 It won't be long before we graduate. 不要过多久我们就要毕业了。 3. chance 的用法 ▲搭配： ① by any chance 万一，碰巧，或许 ② by chance 偶然，意外地 ③ take a / one's chance 冒一冒险，碰碰运气，利用一下机会 【考例 6】 (2005 南京模拟)Most of the ___are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and agriculture. A. work B. luck C. chances D. services [考查目标] chance 的词义。 [答案与解析] C chance 在本句的词义是“机会”的英译是。 4. consider v. (1) 考虑 A) consider + n. / doing I consider going abroad. B) consider + 疑问词 + to do You have to consider what to do next. (2) 认为 A) consider + n. (+as / to be) + n. / adj. I consider Mary as / to be my best friend. They considered Paris the brain and heart of the country. B) consider + n. + to have done I consider him to have acted disgracefully. 除了 consider…as…表认为外，还有 regard…as …，look on…as…，take…as…，think of…as… 5. cost 的用法 ▲ 构词：costly adj. 昂贵的，贵重的 ▲ 搭配： ① cost sb. sth. 花费某人(多少钱)；让某人付出(代价)／牺牲…… ② at all costs 不惜任何代价．无论如何 ③ at any cost 不惜任何代价，无论如何 ④ at cost (price) 按成本价格，按原价 ⑤ at the cost of 以……为代价，用……换来的；丧失；牺牲 【考例】They wondered how much this kind of car would ____ them. A. pay B. spend C. cost D. waste [考查目标] 本题考查 cost 和它的几个近义词的区别。 [答案与解析] C cost 的意思是“耗费”的英译是，主语是指物的 名词．而 pay 和 spend 等的主语是指人的名词。 6. effect n. 效果；作用 have an effect on sth. His words had a great pushing effect on his students. (1) be of no effect 无效 (2) come into effect 开始生效；开始实行 [比较] affect vt. 影响 The climate affected the amount of the rainfall. 7. experience 的用法 ▲构词: experienced adj. 有经验的，熟练的 ▲搭配: ① by experience 凭经验；从经验中 ② from experience 凭经验；从经验中 ③ gain experience in… 获得……经验 ④ be experienced in… 某方面有经验 ▲友情提示: experience 这个词作为可数名词用时，解释为“经历”的英译是，作为不可数名词用 时解释为“经验”的英译是。 【考例】 (2005 山西模拟) ____teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily formed. A. Knowledge B. Teachers C. Experience D. Parents [考查目标] experience 的意思。 [答案与解析] C experience 常为不可数名词，意思是“经验”的英译是。 8. fear n. & vt. (1) n. 恐惧 (多作不可数名词) His face was growing pale with fear. 忧虑；担心的事(可数) There is no reason for your fears. for fear of 由于怕……，以防 He left an hour earlier for fear of missing his train. for fear (that) 惟恐；怕的是；以防 She worried for fear that the child would be hurt. in fear of 害怕；担心 The thief was in fear of the police. (2) v. 恐惧；害怕，接 n. / pron. Cats fear big dogs. 恐惧；害怕，接 to do Don't fear to tell the truth. 恐怕；担心，接从句 She feared that she might not find him in his room. ▲构词：fearful adj. 可怕的，严重的；惧怕的，胆怯的；担心的，忧虑的 fearless adj. 不怕的，大胆的，勇敢的，无畏的 ▲搭配： ① be in fear (of) (为……而)提心吊胆 ② for fear of 因为怕；以免，怕的是 ③ for fear that-clause 生怕；为了防止(某事发生) ④ have a fear that-clause 担心／怕(发生某事) ⑤ with fear 吓得，怕得 ⑥ fear (vi.) for... 担心／忧虑…… 【考例】(2004 江苏)He got to the station early, ____ missing his train. A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search [考查目标] fear 构成的短语的用法和意思。 [答案与解析]C for fear of 常在句中作状语，意思是 “怕的是……。担心……”的英译是。 9. fun n. 高兴；乐趣；有趣的人或事 (1) for fun 为了高兴；为着好玩 I only did it for fun. (2) make fun of 开……的玩笑；取笑 It is wrong to make fun of a cripple. [比较] (1) laugh at 笑(某人)；嘲笑 It's unkind to laugh at a person who is in trouble. (2) play a joke on 开(某人的)玩笑 10. means n. 手段；办法 (1) by means of 用……；依靠…… The water may be carried by means of a pipe.