2020暑假必备宝典之高一英语知识点总结Unit15-16

2020 暑假必备宝典之高一英语知识点总结 Unit15-16 高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析 Unit15-16 ☆重点句型☆ 1. There is no doubt that ... 2. It is dangerous or bad for your health. 3. I would rather not tell you. 4. Pierre and I did have a good time at the ball. 5. It was worth five hundred francs at most. 6. The money would be better spent building more roads or railways in other parts of China. 7. Fasten a key to the end of the long string. ☆重点词汇☆ 1. recognize / recognise v. 认出；识别 2. surely adv. 确实 3. franc n. 法郎 4. lovely adj. 好看的；可爱的 5. debt n. 债务；欠款 6. besides prep. 除……之外；adv．此外此外 7. outline n. 轮廓；要点 8. alien adj. 外国的；n. 外星人 9. earn v. 赚得；挣得 10. prove v. 证明 11. quality n. 质量；品质 12. tear v. 撕扯 13. advantage n. 优点；优势 14. disadvantage n. 不利；弊端 15. charge v. 使充电；控告；攻击 16. successful adj. 成功的；胜利的 17. experiment n. 实验；试验 18. continue v. 继续 19. attend v. 出席 20. shock v. 打击；震动 21. doubt n. 怀疑 22. comfort n. 舒适；安慰 23. positive adj. 肯定的；积极的 24. economy n. 经济 25. unnecessary adj. 不必要的 26. sharp adj. 锐利的；锋利的 27. foot n. 英尺，足 feet(复数) 28. electrical adj. 电的 29. precious adj. 贵重的；宝贵的 30. cruel adj. 残酷的 ☆重点短语☆ 1. bring back 拿回来；使恢复 2. come up with 想出或提出(答案、办法) 3. pay off 还清；付清 4. test on 在……(身上)做实验 5. take up 从事于；占据(时间或空间) 6. protect...from... 保护；免受 7. make use of 利用 8. pay for sth 付……钱；受到惩罚 9. break the laws 犯法 10. make a list of 列出 11. in my opinion 依我之见 12. pick out 辨别出；挑出 13. stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 14. a great deal of 大量的；很多的 15. protect...from... 保护……免受…… 16. play a role 扮演角色 17. pull...from 从……拉／拖 18. fall asleep 入睡 19. get killed 丧命；被杀 20. a waste of 浪费…… ☆交际用语☆ 1. It can't be tree. 2. I would rather not tell you. 3. Does that matter? 4. It is good for the economy. 5. It can help many people in the future. 6. It is clean and does not pollute the air. 7. It is important for science. 8. It brings people comfort. 9. It is too expensive. 10. It is dangerous or had for your health. ☆单词聚焦☆ 4. attend vt. 出席，参加；照顾；注意 attendance n. 出席 attendant n. 服务员 They attended our affairs during our absence. 他们在我们不在时管理我们的事务。 So many people attended the meeting. 很多人出席了这次会议。 The old lady has a good nurse attending her. 这位老太太有一位好护士照顾她。 He attended my every word in class. 上课时他倾听我的每一句话。 【考点 6】attract 的用法 ▲构词： ①attraction n. 吸引，吸引力，吸引人的事物 ②attractive adj. 吸引人的，有魅力的 ③attractively adv. 动人地，迷人地 ▲ 搭配：attract sb's attention 引起…注意 【考例 6】[2004 全国 IV] Finally, I was ____ by his] Finally, I was ____ by his lively sense of humor. A. disturbed B. moved C. attracted D. defeated [考查目标]本题考查 attract 的词义。 [答案与解析]C 句意是“我被他的幽默感所吸引”。 3. besides prep. 除……之外(还有) adv．此外此外 besides 具有附加性质，用于否定句中可以与 except, but 换用。 Besides English, he knows three other languages. 除了英语之外，他还懂三种语言。 Nobody knows it besides / except / but me. 除了我以外，准也不知道那件事。 5. chargev. 充电；索价；攻击；控诉 Does your car battery charge easily? 你的车电池充电容易吗? How much do you charge for your old car? 你的旧车要价多少? Suddenly the tiger charged at me. 突然老虎向我冲过来。 John was charged with murder. 约翰被控犯谋杀罪。 相关词组：free of charge 免费的 in charge of 负责；掌管 in / under the charge of 由……管理 【考点 4】charge 的用法 ▲ 搭配： ①charge sb. some money for 为……向某人索取／收取 多少钱 ②charge oneself with 承担(工作)，接受(任务) ③at one's own charge(s) / expenses 自费，用自己的钱 ④put…down to sb's charge 把……记在某人账上 ⑤in charge 主管，负责；在拘留中 ⑥in charge of 负责，经管，照顾 ⑦in / under the charge of sb 由某人负责，由某人照 料／管理 ⑧take charge (of) 负责，照料，保管等；掌管，接办 12. conductn. 行为，操行 the rules of conduct 行为准则 foolish conduct 愚蠢的行为 He was scolded because of his bad conduct. v. 引导，管理，指挥，售票 Copper conducts electricity better than other materials do. 铜比其它材料要容易导电。 She's conducted on buses for 10 years. 她在公共汽车上当了 10 年售票员。 【考点 3】conduct 的用法 ▲ 构词： ①conduction n. 传导，导电；输送，传播，引流 ②conductor n. 领导者，经理，乐队指挥，(电车或公共 汽车) 售票员，列车员 ▲ 搭配：conduct oneself well 行为端证 ▲ 辨析：conduct；guide；lead 三者作为动词比较一般的含义是“领”、“导”或“引”。 conduct 具体名词 conductor (① 向导②公共汽车等的 “售票员”)；表示“指导”、“引导”时含有明显的主从关 系，即被引导者不服从是不可以的。例如： The policeman eventually had his hands tied up and conducted him to a shelter. 警察最后把他的双手绑了 起来并把他带到一个防空洞。 guide (抽象名词 guidance，具体名词 guide “向导”) 是通 用词，可以用于“为别人带路”、“指导别人的学习、品行 修养”，它的内涵是避免走弯路或遇到危险。例如： Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. 数 干只灯笼慢慢向大海漂去，给死人返回阴间指明道路。 He is now studying under the guidance of Professor Green. 他现在正在格林教授的指导下学习。 lead (抽象名词 leadership “领导”，具体名词 leader “领 袖”、“领队”)可以表示“领导”、“带路”，但它总含有领 导者走在前面．此外而把被领导者控制在自己的权威之下， 或被领导者处于秩序井然的状态中的意思。例如： Our guide led us through a series of caves. 我们的向导 带领着我们穿过一个接一个的洞穴。 【考例 3】[NMET 2003·完形] ...when I'd have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was instead 7 to 9 -- and Ed was ____. A. leading B. coming C. waiting D. counting [考查目标]本题考查 conduct 以及近义词的用法。 [答案与解析]A leading 在本句中有形容词性，意思 是“领先的”。 【考点 2】continue 的用法 ▲构词： ①continuous adj. 连续的．此外持续的 ②continuously adv. 不断地，连续地 ▲ 搭配： ①continue doing sth / to do sth 继续做某事 ②continue (with) sth 继续做某事 ▲ 辨析：continue，last 都含“继续”、“延续”的意思。 continue 指“持续而无终止”，通常强调“不间断”。例 如：continue one's work 继续工作 last 指“持久”、“延续”。例如： The rain will not last long. 这雨不会持续很久。 【考例 2】[2003 北京春招] They ____ to see each other around school, had lunch together once or two, and then both ended up from the same high school. A. continued B. agreed C. forced D. offered [考查目标] 本题考查 continue 的词义。 [答案与解析]A continue 的宾语多种多样，它的意思 是“继续”。 【考点 7】control 的用法 ▲ 构词： ①controlled adj. 受约束的．此外克制的 ②controller n. 管理员，控制器 ▲ 搭配： ①in control (of) 控制 ②under control 受控制 ③out of control 失控，不能操纵 ④have / keep control (of / over) 可以控制 ⑤lose control (of) 失去(对……的)控制 ⑥take controls (of) 管辖，管理，控制 【考例 7】[2004 重庆] Everyone was too afraid to go in because the fire was ____, so I went in. A. out of control B. under control C. in control D. over control [考查目标] 本题考查 control 搭配的用法和意思。 [答案与解析]A out of control 的意思是“失去控制”。 16. doubt n. 怀疑 vt. 怀疑 [拓展] doubtful adj. 令人生疑的 I don' t doubt that he'll come. There is no doubt that you'll succeed. [搭配] without (a) doubt 毫无疑问地，确实地