2018年成人学位英语考试辅导:带双宾语的动词

 在《及物动词不需要介词》一文中，谈到及物动词不需要通过介词引进宾语。但是，当及物动词有两个宾语时，有些无须介词，有些则需要。

两个宾路都无须介词的动词包括下列这些：

① Please show me the letter.

② Can you buy me a meal?

③ I will give you the latest newsletter.

④ John has sent Betty a cheque of $1000.

在①-④这样的句子里，有个直接宾语，也有个间接宾语。前者一定是“物”、后者一定是“人”。它们之间不需要介词作桥梁。另一些双宾语的动词，就需要介词的帮助了。关于这点，可以分四方面来谈。

Ⅰ.两个宾语可通过不同介词对换位置，如：

①a. The boss entrusted him with the job.

b. The boss entrusted the job to him.

②a. He tried to impress the new idea on us.

b. He tried to impress us with the new idea.

③a. A general should inspire his soldiers with great courage.

b. A general should inspire great courage in his soldiers.

Ⅱ.不同介词，不同意思，如：

④a. Who introduced John to you?

b. Who introduced John into the new office?

⑤a. We warned him of the hazard.

b. We warned him against the hazard.

(a. 指存在的危险;b. 指可能的危险)

⑥a. When compared with each other, there are differences between the twins.

b. We may compare the heart to a pump.

(a. 指同类人或物对比;b.指两样不同东西互相比拟)

⑦a. Helen was disappointed of the prize.

b. Helen was disappointed in the prize.

(a. 指没得奖而失望;b. 指对所得的奖不满而失望)

⑧a. The cake is allied to the flour.

b. Is Taiwan allied with America?

(a.指两样东西有关联;b. 指两个国家有联盟关系)

Ⅲ.两个宾语与介词各就各位，固定不变，如：

⑨ The police cautioned the tourists of the danger ahead.(警惕) ⑩ Can a doctor cure June of her chronic illness?(医治)

● The company has to compensate its staff for their losses.(弥补)

● No one can deprive a citizen of his human right.(剥夺)

Ⅳ.以返身代词为宾语的惯用语，如： ● I hope you will avail yourself of the golden opportunity. (利用)

● My friends often pride themselves on their rare achievements.(以……自豪)

● Jill knows how to insinuate herself into her boss's favour.(向……献媚取宠)

● We look down on those ingratiating themselves with their superiors.(讨好……)